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Prof. Wei Chaohai has recently published their research work “Functional identification behind gravity-separated sludge in high concentration organic coking wastewater: Microbial aggregation, apoptosis-like decay and community” in Water Research. In this work, their discovered that sludge degeneration and function differentiation occurred in different fractions of activated sludge separated via gravity. Based on the characteristics of the activated sludge, their showed that sludge with poor settling ability has a higher degree of cell decay and activity degeneration. The proportion of apoptosis-like decay cells are proposed as a key indicator to denote the decay of sludge. This work provides new understandings of the sludge decay process, and at the same time, offers scientific evidence for selective sludge removal to achieve enhanced bioreactor performance.